Author(s) :

Bem J Audu (Ph.D) and Hamza Nafiu.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

This research investigates the phenomenon of insecurity in the Kaduna metropolis and the rise of vigilante groups as an informal security response to the escalating security challenges. The study focuses on the emergence, formation, impact, and challenges of these vigilante groups. It involves their role in addressing criminal activities from 1983 to 2022. The paper examines the creation and evolution of prominent vigilante groups like 'Yan Banga,' Coalition Joint Task Force (CJTF), and the Kaduna State Vigilant Service (KADVS), study analyses their contribution to crime detection, prevention, and control. It explores their effectiveness, and interaction with formal security forces, the impact, and the challenges they face. The study used primary and secondary sources such as archival records, official documents, oral interviews, books, journal articles, and online materials to assess their impact on security in the Kaduna metropolis and beyond. It reveals that vigilante groups have played a crucial role in curbing criminal activities and enhancing community-level security, particularly during crises like the post-election violence of 2011 and the resurgence of the ‘Yan Shara’ gang between 2012 and 2014. Despite the challenges faced by these vigilante groups, their collaboration with formal security forces, including the police and military, has been instrumental in addressing insecurity. Community perceptions of vigilante groups are generally positive and indispensable in ensuring safety and order. However, concerns about potential abuses and the need for proper regulation persist. It concludes that integrating formal and informal security measures can improve urban security in Kaduna state. Key Words: Insecurity, Security, Vigilante Group, Informal Security Responses

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